Proteomic analysis reveals platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin as prognostic markers in severe acute respiratory syndrome

Previously, we reported that proteomic fingerprints were present in sera of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and could separate patients into subgroups with different prognoses. In the present study, we examined the prognostic values of the SARS-associated proteomic features by biostatistical analysis, and deciphered the identities of those with prognostic values. Data of 20 SARS-associated serum proteomic features and ten serological variables from 38 SARS adult patients before treatment were subjected to multivariate logistic regression. Proteomic features of m/z 6634, m/z 7769, m/z 8635, and m/z 8865 were identified as independent prognostic markers. After purification by cation-exchange chromatography and gel electrophoresis, proteomic features of m/z 7769 and m/z 8865 were found to be platelet factor 4 (PF4) and beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) by tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. The associations of decreased serum PF4 and increased serum beta-TG levels with poor prognosis were confirmed by Western blot. Previous studies suggest that PF4 and beta-TG are involved in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in a negative and positive way, respectively. Our results suggest that PF4 and beta-TG may also play similar roles in the development of ARDS in SARS patients.     

4(6)-{2-[4-(2,3,4-三甲氧基苄基)哌嗪-1-基]-2-氧代乙氧基}芳甲酰胍类化合物的合成及其Na~+/H~+交换器1抑制活性

NHE1(Na+/H+交换器1)抑制剂对于心肌缺血再灌注损伤具有较好的保护作用.以苯(或吡啶)甲酰胍为母核,利用拼合原理,在苯(或吡啶)甲酰胍母环上引入4-(2,3,4-三甲氧基苄基)哌嗪-1-甲基,设计并合成了8个未见文献报道的目标化合物.其结构经MS,IR,1H NMR和元素分析确证.体外血小板肿胀模型(PSA)试验结果表明,大部分目标化合物显示出较好的NHE1抑制活性.     

椭圆偏振光测不准原因分析

在光学实验中,用GSZF-3实验系统检测椭圆偏振光时,测得的振幅与角度在极坐标中画出的并不是椭圆,而是一个类肾脏线。本文分析了产生的原因,并提出了改进建议。     

颅脑损伤后脑组织中水通道蛋白4表达的变化

目的研究颅脑损伤后水通道蛋白4（AQP-4）在脑组织中表达的变化及其临床意义。方法对27例颅脑损伤患者行开颅手术,将术中取得的挫伤水肿脑组织（损伤组）和颞极减压获得的相对正常脑组织（对照组）进行AQP-4的免疫组化和re-al- time PCR检测。结果损伤组各时点挫伤水肿脑组织AQP-4的表达量均明显高于对照组（均P＜0.05）;损伤24h后周围水肿脑组织中的AQP-4表达量显著升高。结论颅脑损伤后脑水肿的形成和发展与AQP-4的异常表达密切相关。     

代谢组学法研究三聚氰胺对儿童尿液代谢的影响

运用代谢组学方法研究了三聚氰胺对儿童尿液代谢的影响.通过超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱(UPLC/TOF-MS)法分析儿童尿样的代谢指纹图谱,质谱数据采用MarkerLynx软件处理,然后使用主成分分析和偏最小二乘判别分析法分析病例组和正常对照组之间的代谢物谱差异,并通过变量重要性投影(VIP)选取潜在的生物标志物,结合质谱同位素分析和数据库检索对潜在的生物标志物进行鉴定.结果表明,三聚氰胺通过肾结石导致的物理性损伤干扰了柠檬酸代谢.代谢组学法能够应用于三聚氰胺导致的代谢异常的研究及三聚氰胺导致肾损伤的无创检测.     

五种补肾中成药物中微量铝分析

用Ａｌ－ＣＡＳ－ＯＰ－１０分光光度法测定了五种补肾中成药中铝含量。结果表明,五种中成药中铝含量有一定的差异。本实验结果为进一步研究铝与补肾中成药的功效关系提供了有用数据。     

Neural stem cells and strategies for the regeneration of the central nervous system

The adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS), especially that of adult humans, is a representative example of organs that do not regenerate. However, increasing interest has focused on the development of innovative therapeutic methods that aim to regenerate damaged CNS tissue by taking advantage of recent advances in stem cell and neuroscience research. In fact, the recapitulation of normal neural development has become a vital strategy for CNS regeneration. Normal CNS development is initiated by the induction of stem cells in the CNS, i.e., neural stem cells (NSCs). Thus, the introduction or mobilization of NSCs could be expected to lead to CNS regeneration by recapitulating normal CNS development, in terms of the activation of the endogenous regenerative capacity and cell transplantation therapy. Here, the recent progress in basic stem cell biology, including the author’s own studies, on the prospective identification of NSCs, the elucidation of the mechanisms of ontogenic changes in the differentiation potential of NSCs, the induction of neural fate and NSCs from pluripotent stem cells, and their therapeutic applications are summarized. These lines of research will, hopefully, contribute to a basic understanding of the nature of NSCs, which should in turn lead to feasible strategies for the development of ideal “stem cell therapies” for the treatment of damaged brain and spinal cord tissue.     

In vivo study on the protection of indole‐3‐carbinol (I3C) against the mouse acute alcoholic liver injury by micro‐Raman spectroscopy

Micro‐Raman spectroscopy (MRS) was utilized for the first time to evaluate the effect of indole‐3‐carbinol (I3C) on acute alcoholic liver injury in vivo. In situ Raman analysis of tissue sections provided distinct spectra that can be used to distinguish alcoholic liver injury as well as ethanol‐induced liver fibrosis from the normal state. Sixteen mice with liver diseases including acute liver injury and chronic liver fibrosis, and eight mice with normal liver tissues, and eight remedial mice were studied employing the Raman spectroscopic technique in conjunction with biomedical assays. The biochemical changes in mouse liver tissue when liver injury/fibrosis occurs such as the loss of reduced glutathione (GSH), and the increase of collagen (α‐helix protein) were observed by MRS. The intensity ratio of two Raman peaks (I₁₄₅₀/I₆₆₆) and in combination with statistical analysis of the entire Raman spectrum was found capable of classifying liver tissues with different pathological features. Raman spectroscopy therefore is an important candidate for a nondestructive in vivo screening of the effect of drug treatment on liver disease, which potentially decreases the time‐consuming clinical trials. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于数值模拟的飞行员高速气流吹袭损伤分析

研究飞行员高速气流吹袭的损伤机理,应用尺度适应模型对人椅系统外流场进行数值模拟.在马赫数为0.6,迎角为-90°~90°条件下的数值计算结果与风洞试验结果吻合较好.对不同马赫数、不同迎角的无防护状态下的人椅系统进行数值模拟,研究发现高速气流吹袭下飞行员面颈部、胸腹部、上臂内侧、小腿迎风侧压力较大;增大人椅系统的迎角可以改善飞行员身体各部分的受力情况.